• Welcome to League Of Reason Forums! Please read the rules before posting.
    If you are willing and able please consider making a donation to help with site overheads.
    Donations can be made via here

Universal Morality - Trust/Truth

creativesoul

Active Member
arg-fallbackName="creativesoul"/>
With all of the morality threads here and elsewhere that make mention of some universal element it seems that at least one would argue for what that is - without violating Hume's Guillotine. Wanting to see what others think about that idea has always intrigued me. Due to how the topic is usually approached, I think that a successful approach to universal morality is often defeated prior to it's first step. It is in the method of approach that utterances of ought, 'right and wrong', and 'good and evil/bad' has hindered our understanding of what morality is, what brings it about, and how we - as a people - should pursue it. I outright deny a prescriptive and/or normative assessment of morality as showing us what morality is. Those methods are adopted belief about morality. The meta-ethical approach has yet to have gathered the adequate available knowledge and put it to proper use. The concept has problems, as we all know. We also all know that it is impossible, as humans, to abandon it completely. It is obviously *real*. Although, I've obviously thought about this considerably, this argument(which doesn't have the best format) was 'thrown' together on the fly last night and posted in another thread, however, I feel that it is worthy of it's own examination. So, all you morality buffs, have at it!

There are historical similiarites regarding ethics/morality. The common denominators converge upon the same thing. That is behavioral expectation of oneself or another. Morality/ethics is always about acceptable/unacceptable behavioral expectation. I think that how morality has been and continues to be framed in our thought only examines belief about morality. It is conclusion based. I say that that is being conflated with morality itself. Morality is instantiated prior to our belief about it. Much confusion has resulted from having been historically attached to God, and oftentimes it's pursuasive influence incorrectly found to be equally fallible by the same regard. First things first...

Number one problem - 'God' is in the way to properly assess morality.

Removing the need for such takes precedence.

Definition 1.) Belief is that which is accepted as being true(accurately corresponding to reality).
Definition 2.) Morality is innate and universally shared behavioral expectation.
Definition 3.) Moral belief is belief regarding acceptable/unacceptable behavior.

p1.) We all have moral belief.
p2.) We do not all hold a belief in 'God'.
C.) 'God' does not entail moral belief.

Another problem with morality, as it has been thought about throughout the ages, is that it has been framed as being belief based and has been demonstrated and examined through the product of such - through utterances of ought(s). Hume convinced us all that one cannot derive an ought from is, or vice-versa, without necessarily presupposing another ought. Let us then, use that to our advantage. The horse is dead. It is time to embrace the Guillotine rather than avoid it. We are newborns in a real sense concerning secular 'morality'. Morality is not expressed through an ought utterance, belief about morality is. There exists a universal constant which applies to all humans, regardless of particulars, that amounts to being a behavioral expectation(which ethics and morality both converge upon) that is not being met to the degree that it necessarily instantiates itself prior to our having the ability to acquire adopted belief about morality('sense' of ought). This I intend to show.

p1.) We are necessarily social creatures.
p2.) We are born void of belief.
p3.) We are born rational creatures.

Axiom1: I believe 'X' means I believe 'X' is true.
C.) It is humanly impossible knowingly believe a falsehood.
C2.) It is humanly impossible to intentionally make a mistake.

Axiom 2: The ability to doubt requires prior belief upon which the doubt is grounded.
C.) One cannot doubt whether or not the terms being learned through common language are true - accurately correspond to their referent(reality).
C2.) We are born naive realists, necessarily so.
C3.) We all instantiate and therefore use a correspondence theory of truth.

Belief is had in two forms, original and adopted. Original would constitute the conscious correlations made between objects of perception after our physiological sensory perception begins working, and necessarily results from our being born rational creatures. Adopted belief is that which we learn to correlate though common language. In order to even be able to learn a common language, one must necessarily place 'pure' faith(unquestionable trust/belief unimpeded by doubt) in the teacher of that language to be truthful in their testimony.

That is the universally applicable common denominator in human behavioral expectation(universal morality). All imaginable and real moral/ethical codes converge upon this - without exception, therefore it constitutes being universal. In science meeting that criterion constitutes being called Law. Yes, I am claiming that the fundamental basis of morality/ethics is necessarily instantiated through our obtaining common language. This includes the ability to learn anything from another through common language(adopted belief), because it is necessary in order to even be able to learn one's native tongue, regardless of the particulars.

That is what is.

Tell me then, why have we violated that universally shared human condition? Perhaps the better question is why ought we continue to do such a thing?
 
arg-fallbackName="lrkun"/>
If you are to include the factor of preference, will you change your opinion?

I mean preference as a greater liking for one alternative over another or others. Is it essential that I must believe in one over the other first?
 
arg-fallbackName="lrkun"/>
creativesoul said:
In what way are you suggesting that personal preferences be incorporated here?

[showmoremsg msg=plain meaning of preference]a greater liking for one alternative over another or others[/showmoremsg]

What if one chooses not to doubt the teacher instead of believing in him or her? Ex. If A learns the language, however, A doubts some of the lessons learned?
 
arg-fallbackName="creativesoul"/>
Irkun wrote:

What if one chooses not to doubt the teacher instead of believing in him or her? Ex. If A learns the language, however, A doubts some of the lessons learned?

The first question here is incomprehensible. Can you reword it?

It is not matter of believing in him/her, it is a matter of our having been born void of belief/knowledge about the world. One cannot doubt the meaning of a term being learned, unless language has already been established and there exists some prior belief upon which to ground the doubt. It is logically impossible to doubt the original baseline from which all comparison is drawn. That is necessarily the case because of our being born void of belief. It only follows that we are born naive realists, necessarily so.
 
arg-fallbackName="creativesoul"/>
Ah, Irkun...

I do recognize the poor word choice in the OP. Hopefully the last response clarified that meaning.

:|
 
arg-fallbackName="lrkun"/>
creativesoul said:
Irkun wrote:

What if one chooses not to doubt the teacher instead of believing in him or her? Ex. If A learns the language, however, A doubts some of the lessons learned?

The first question here is incomprehensible. Can you reword it?

It is not matter of believing in him/her, it is a matter of our having been born void of belief/knowledge about the world. One cannot doubt the meaning of a term being learned, unless language has already been established and there exists some prior belief upon which to ground the doubt. It is logically impossible to doubt the original baseline from which all comparison is drawn. That is necessarily the case because of our being born void of belief. It only follows that we are born naive realists, necessarily so.

I made an error. It is not: not to doubt, instead but to doubt.

I agree that there is an original baseline from which a comparison is drawn (I explained this in another thread). However, I don't agree that it is impossible to not doubt such. Sure some will remain, but some will probably change over time, because the person in question will be further exposed to other things which may or may not change his preference over the original.

Ex. If A mistakenly learns to call a toothpaste (happy), but later in life he learns that it is actually (toothpaste). Therefore A changes his original baseline to toothpaste instead.

Do you think this is possible?

"I ask, because I wish to understand your thread's argument, and at the same time, I'm also questioning my own understanding of my original explanation."
 
arg-fallbackName="creativesoul"/>
[/b]Irkun:[/b]

I made an error. It's not to doubt, but to doubt.

I agree that there is an original baseline from which a comparison is drawn. However, I don't agree that it is impossible to not doubt such. Sure some will remain, but some will probably change over time, because the person in question will be further exposed to other things which may or may not change his preference over the original.

I mean during the time that the language is being acquired/learned/correlated. Prior to adopted belief universal morality is being instantiated in the exact same manner - without exception and regardless of the individual particulars - for we have no ability to doubt whether or not the terms being learned accurately correspond to reality without prior belief concerning those. In the rare case where one's rationality(original belief) prevails, it still requires having a baseline of language from which to draw what is being doubted with what has previously been accepted. In your example, and every other case of correcting a mistake in belief/'knowledge', the only method for doing so is correspondence theory. One must show how the belief/knowledge contradicts what is the case; it is corrected by that which more accurately corresponds to reality. It is inescapable.
Ex. If A mistakenly learns to call a toothpaste (happy), but later in life he learns that it is actually (toothpaste). Therefore A changes his original baseline to toothpaste instead.

Do you think this is possible?

Yes, that is possible.
 
arg-fallbackName="lrkun"/>
I see. Thanks for your explanation.


I am doubting the application of the term belief as regards to your opening post.

My hypothesis:

1. The first grounds or basis is through absorbing or mimicing that which a child observes around him or her.
2. Action-reaction: A reaction to different stimulus caused by genetics or the environment.

Further questions:

1. when does the child learn to be conscious?
2. or is he or she still a sponge up to what age?

What do you think?
 
arg-fallbackName="creativesoul"/>
Irkun:

I see. Thanks for your explanation.

I am satisfied at the moment that I gave the right advice to a prior thread.

However, I doubt if the term belief applies here.

Only if you doubt our ability to think about things through identification, recognition, and correlation. That constitutes belief formation about the world around us. Our being born rational creatures demands that we have belief prior to language. A child need not have acquired language in order to be able to have JTB. One can believe that fire is 'hot' and 'hurts' without knowing how to vocalize and communicate such a thing.
My hypothesis: The first grounds for which a child basis everything is through absorbing or mimicing that which he or she observes around him or her. Action-reaction. A reaction to different stimulus caused by genetics or the environment

Yes, that is a part of our being innately rational creatures. We can recognize causal relationships all by ourselves. This need not be learned, rather it needs developed/honed. We also have acceptance needs - affection and the like.
This also brings up another question, when does the child learn to be conscious? or is he or she still a sponge up to what age?

What do you think?

A child does not learn to be conscious. We are born that way.

Wanted to further note...

Actually I am unsure wheter or not the distinction between 'original' and adopted is even meaningful after the acquisition of common language. While we can know that belief/knowledge can exist prior to our having learned a common language, I am unsure how that distinction can be adhered to afterwards, or whether it even needs to be.
 
arg-fallbackName="lrkun"/>
creativesoul said:
You need to re-read the OP.

I did, that's why I'm asking clarrificatory questions.
lrkun said:
Questions to help clarrify:

1. How do you know that a child is automatically born with belief or is conscious from the time of birth?

1.a. Maybe the child unconsciously remembers certain emotions?

2. To be accurate, maybe a new born child is a creature of need, but not belief nor consciousness. What do you think?

3. How do you define the term belief or how do you use it in your opening argument?

Or do you mean to say that your OP is just for the sake of a hypothetical situation with an assumed set of facts?
 
arg-fallbackName="creativesoul"/>
Not trying to be rude Irkun, but some of those questions are answered within the OP. One in particular directly contradicts it. It seems that your direction here has nothing to do with what necessarily follows from the OP. It is concerning morality, is there some connection here to your questioning?
 
arg-fallbackName="creativesoul"/>
Or do you mean to say that your OP is just for the sake of a hypothetical situation with a set of assumed facts?

Do you understand the OP Irkun? There is no sarcasm involved here. It is a genuine question.
 
arg-fallbackName="lrkun"/>
creativesoul said:
Not trying to be rude Irkun, but some of those questions are answered within the OP. One in particular directly contradicts it. It seems that your direction here has nothing to do with what necessarily follows from the OP. It is concerning morality, is there some connection here to your questioning?

creativesoul said:
With all of the morality threads here and elsewhere that make mention of some universal element it seems that at least one would argue for what that is - without violating Hume's Guillotine. Wanting to see what others think about that idea has always intrigued me. Due to how the topic is usually approached, I think that a successful approach to universal morality is often defeated prior to it's first step. It is in the method of approach that utterances of ought, 'right and wrong', and 'good and evil/bad' has hindered our understanding of what morality is, what brings it about, and how we - as a people - should pursue it. I outright deny a prescriptive and/or normative assessment of morality as showing us what morality is. Those methods are adopted belief about morality. The meta-ethical approach has yet to have gathered the adequate available knowledge and put it to proper use. The concept has problems, as we all know. We also all know that it is impossible, as humans, to abandon it completely. It is obviously *real*. Although, I've obviously thought about this considerably, this argument(which doesn't have the best format) was 'thrown' together on the fly last night and posted in another thread, however, I feel that it is worthy of it's own examination. So, all you morality buffs, have at it!

There are historical similiarites regarding ethics/morality. The common denominators converge upon the same thing. That is behavioral expectation of oneself or another. Morality/ethics is always about acceptable/unacceptable behavioral expectation. I think that how morality has been and continues to be framed in our thought only examines belief about morality. It is conclusion based. I say that that is being conflated with morality itself. Morality is instantiated prior to our belief about it. Much confusion has resulted from having been historically attached to God, and oftentimes it's pursuasive influence incorrectly found to be equally fallible by the same regard. First things first...

Number one problem - 'God' is in the way to properly assess morality.

Removing the need for such takes precedence.

Definition 1.) Belief is that which is accepted as being true(accurately corresponding to reality).
Definition 2.) Morality is innate and universally shared behavioral expectation.
Definition 3.) Moral belief is belief regarding acceptable/unacceptable behavior.

p1.) We all have moral belief.
p2.) We do not all hold a belief in 'God'.
C.) 'God' does not entail moral belief.

Another problem with morality, as it has been thought about throughout the ages, is that it has been framed as being belief based and has been demonstrated and examined through the product of such - through utterances of ought(s). Hume convinced us all that one cannot derive an ought from is, or vice-versa, without necessarily presupposing another ought. Let us then, use that to our advantage. The horse is dead. It is time to embrace the Guillotine rather than avoid it. We are newborns in a real sense concerning secular 'morality'. Morality is not expressed through an ought utterance, belief about morality is. There exists a universal constant which applies to all humans, regardless of particulars, that amounts to being a behavioral expectation(which ethics and morality both converge upon) that is not being met to the degree that it necessarily instantiates itself prior to our having the ability to acquire adopted belief about morality('sense' of ought). This I intend to show.

p1.) We are necessarily social creatures.
p2.) We are born void of belief.
p3.) We are born rational creatures.

Axiom1: I believe 'X' means I believe 'X' is true.
C.) It is humanly impossible knowingly believe a falsehood.
C2.) It is humanly impossible to intentionally make a mistake.

Axiom 2: The ability to doubt requires prior belief upon which the doubt is grounded.
C.) One cannot doubt whether or not the terms being learned through common language are true - accurately correspond to their referent(reality).
C2.) We are born naive realists, necessarily so.
C3.) We all instantiate and therefore use a correspondence theory of truth.

Belief is had in two forms, original and adopted. Original would constitute the conscious correlations made between objects of perception after our physiological sensory perception begins working, and necessarily results from our being born rational creatures. Adopted belief is that which we learn to correlate though common language. In order to even be able to learn a common language, one must necessarily place 'pure' faith(unquestionable trust/belief unimpeded by doubt) in the teacher of that language to be truthful in their testimony.

That is the universally applicable common denominator in human behavioral expectation(universal morality). All imaginable and real moral/ethical codes converge upon this - without exception, therefore it constitutes being universal. In science meeting that criterion constitutes being called Law. Yes, I am claiming that the fundamental basis of morality/ethics is necessarily instantiated through our obtaining common language. This includes the ability to learn anything from another through common language(adopted belief), because it is necessary in order to even be able to learn one's native tongue, regardless of the particulars.

That is what is.

Tell me then, why have we violated that universally shared human condition? Perhaps the better question is why ought we continue to do such a thing?
 
arg-fallbackName="lrkun"/>
creativesoul said:
Or do you mean to say that your OP is just for the sake of a hypothetical situation with a set of assumed facts?

Do you understand the OP Irkun? There is no sarcasm involved here. It is a genuine question.

You don't like being asked questions do you? I am asking because I wish to understand what your argument is about. If I am wrong, it is very simple to correct me.

Some points I highlighted in your OP, refers to my previous questions.

Further questions

1. born rational? That's why I asked the unconscious memory thing and the creature of need thing.
 
arg-fallbackName="creativesoul"/>
Hmmmm....

I witness a colorful post without commentary. Then another, which had nothing to do with the first, yet was chock full of presupposition.

Do you have a point here, Irkun?

Is there a problem?

If so, be my guest and explain what it is.
 
arg-fallbackName="lrkun"/>
creativesoul said:
Hmmmm....

I witness a colorful post without commentary. Then another, which had nothing to do with the first, yet was chock full of presupposition.

Do you have a point here, Irkun?

Is there a problem?

If so, be my guest and explain what it is.

I was getting to that, however, you already posted.
lrkun said:
You don't like being asked questions do you? I am asking because I wish to understand what your argument is about. If I am wrong, it is very simple to correct me.

Some points I highlighted in your OP, refers to my previous questions.

Further questions

1. born rational? That's why I asked the unconscious memory thing and the creature of need thing.

XXX

Clarrification on this premise.
1. born rational? Do you mean to say from birth or you assume this to be so? What is your basis?
lrkun said:
Questions to help clarrify:

1. How do you know that a child is automatically born with belief or is conscious from the time of birth?

1.a. Maybe the child unconsciously remembers certain emotions?

2. To be accurate, maybe a new born child is a creature of need, but not belief nor consciousness. What do you think?

3. How do you define the term belief or how do you use it in your opening argument?

With respect to the third question, you did not define belief, you just added believe to be true. I just wanted to be clarrified. (I understand it refers to belief in morality)

Clarrification on this if the premise above is not cleared. (conclusion: humanly impossible to intentionally make a mistake.)

Is it likewise possible to intentionally make a mistake? Y.Y pre-meditated offenses for example. (incidentally will this make somethings we consider immoral now, moral if we consider your premise?)

4. Why have we violated the universally shared human condition(do you mean the pure faith on the teacher or the is ought thing.)? why continue to do so?

I do agree that god is not necessary though.
 
arg-fallbackName="creativesoul"/>
Alright Irkun,

I'll respond to these and other questions after while... Current life is pressing.

;)
 
Back
Top